Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 28, Issue 12 723-728, Copyright © 1998 by Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research
T Ishikawa, H Kashiwagi, Y Iwakami, M Hirai, T Kawamura, Y Aiyoshi, T Yashiro, Y Ami, K Uchida and M Miwa
BACKGROUND: alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in
serum are widely used as tumor markers in the evaluation of prognosis and
management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and prostate cancer,
respectively. To establish the molecular diagnosis of cancer, reverse
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for AFP and PSA was used
to identify circulating cancer cells in the blood of cancer patients. Here,
we examined the tissue-specificity of AFP and PSA and tested whether AFP
and PSA are suitable targets in the detection of certain cancer cells by
RT-PCR using peripheral blood samples. METHODS: Tissue specificity of AFP
and PSA was analyzed by Northern blotting and RT-PCR. Probes for AFP and
PSA were hybridized with poly A+ RNAs from 50 human tissues. RT-PCR for AFP
and PSA mRNA was performed using several cancerous tissues and normal
tissues and peripheral blood cells from seven healthy volunteers. RESULTS:
Broad expression of AFP was observed in several tissues and a large amount
of AFP mRNA was found in fetal liver. PSA was expressed in prostate,
salivary gland, pancreas and uterus. By RT-PCR, AFP and PSA mRNA were
detected in several tumors, including salivary pleomorphic adenoma, hilar
bile duct carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma of
urinary bladder and thyroid papillary carcinoma. Furthermore, AFP and PSA
mRNAs were frequently detected by RT-PCR, even in peripheral blood cells
from healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: Neither AFP nor PSA showed
tissue-specific expression. AFP and PSA mRNA were detected in several
diseased and non-diseased tissues and normal circulating blood by RT-PCR.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Expression of alpha-fetoprotein and prostate-specific antigen genes in several tissues and detection of mRNAs in normal circulating blood by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Oncology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, Ibaraki, Japan.
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