Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 29, Issue 3 137-146, Copyright © 1999 by Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research
HT Tung, H Tsukuma, H Tanaka, N Kinoshita, Y Koyama, W Ajiki, A Oshima and H Koyama
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer incidence has increased rapidly in Japan
recently, but there have been only a few studies on the risk factors for
breast cancer in Japan. A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the
roles of anthropometric and reproductive factors in the etiology of breast
cancer in Osaka. METHODS: Based on information from a self-administered
questionnaire at Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular
Diseases, body mass index, body weight and height were compared between 376
cases and 430 controls, together with other factors such as age at
menarche, age at first delivery and family history of breast cancer by
menopausal status. Logistic regression analysis was employed for adjusting
confounding factors and estimating odds ratios with their 95% confidence
interval for breast cancer. RESULTS: A body mass index of >25 was
significantly associated with the risk among post-menopausal women
(age-adjusted odds ratio: 1.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.10-3.24) as
compared with the risk for a body mass index of < or = 20. A weight of
> or =58 kg showed significantly increased risk compared with a weight
of < or = 47 kg among post-menopausal women (1.83, 1.10-3.01), while
height of > or = 159 cm showed a significantly elevated risk than height
of < or = 149 cm among pre-menopausal women (2.51, 1.17-5.39). Age at
menarche of < or = 13 years resulted in a higher risk of breast cancer
among post-menopausal women, while age at first delivery of > or = 28
years was associated with the risk among pre-menopausal women. Family
history of breast cancer was associated with the risk for breast cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: These results were all very consistent with findings observed
in western countries.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Risk factors for breast cancer in Japan, with special attention to anthropometric measurements and reproductive history
Department of Cancer Control and Statistics, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Japan.
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