Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 33:122-126 (2003)
© 2003 Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research
Radical Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer in Japan: a Patterns of Care Study Report
1 Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 2 Department of Medical Engineering, Osaka University Faculty of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 3 Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 4 Department of Radiation Therapy, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka and 5 Department of Radiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
Background: The patterns of radical radiation therapy for prostate cancer are unclear in Japan. A Patterns of Care Study was performed throughout Japan to examine the patterns of radiation therapy for prostate cancer.
Methods: From 1999 to 2000, extramural audits were performed on 50 randomly selected institutions (~7% of all institutions in Japan). Detailed information was collected on a total of 311 prostate cancer patients without evidence of distant metastases, who were treated by radiation therapy between 1996 and 1998. Of these 311 patients, 162 treated radically using photon beams were analyzed in this study.
Results: Eighty percent of the patients had high-risk diseases defined as T3 or T4 tumors, a pretreatment prostate-specific antigen level >20 ng/ml or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Androgen ablation was performed in 85.8% of patients and the median duration of hormonal therapy before and after radiation therapy was 5.3 and 21.4 months, respectively. The median total dose of radiation therapy to the prostate was 65.0 Gy (range: 20–74 Gy). The 3-year overall and biochemical relapse-free survival rates were 86.7 and 86.1%, respectively. Late toxicity was mild, with only nine patients (5.6%) exhibiting grade 2 late morbidity.
Conclusions: The majority of the patients who received radical radiation therapy in Japan have high-risk disease. Androgen ablation plus radiation therapy was commonly used to treat these patients and resulted in high rates of initial control with a low risk of complications.
+ For reprints and all correspondence: Katsumasa Nakamura, Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3–1–1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. E-mail: nakam{at}radiol.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
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