Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2005 35(6):357-360; doi:10.1093/jjco/hyi099
© 2005 Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research
Comparison of Bladder Cancer Mortality in Five Countries: France, Italy, Japan, UK and USA from the WHO Mortality Database (1960–2000)
Tomomi Marugame and
Satoshi Kaneko
Statistics and Cancer Control Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center
Bladder cancer mortality age-standardized rates (ASRs; using 1985 Japanese standard population) are shown for Japan, USA, UK, France and Italy (Fig. 1). ASRs for males in the USA and UK (Fig. 1) have constantly decreased since 1970. However, ASRs for males from the USA level off after 1990. Despite the decreasing trend in ASRs among males from the UK, ASR rates are still as high as those found in French and Italian males, in 2000. ASRs of bladder cancer among males in France and Italy gradually increased after 1960, and reached a peak for Italian males, or reached a plateau for French males, in the late 1980s. ASRs for bladder cancer among Japanese males are the lowest amongst these five countries. The time trends of bladder cancer among Japanese males has increased slightly since 1960.
View larger version (17K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
|
Figure 1. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASRs) for bladder cancer for males and females: age-standardized with 1985 Japanese standard population, rates per 100 000.
|
|
ASRs for bladder cancer for females (
Fig. 1), are grouped into
three groups in 2000. As with ASRs for males, ASRs for bladder
cancer among Japanese females has been lowest from 1960 to 2000,
compared with those of the other four study countries. Contrary
to Japanese males, the time trends in ASRs among Japanese females
shows a constantly decreasing trend. Although ASR for bladder
cancer among females from the UK shows a decreasing trend after
1990, it is still much higher than for the other study countries.
Among females in the USA, ASRs constantly decreased until 2000.
French and Italian females show a similar time trend to each
other, i.e. an increased ASR until around 1980 followed by a
decreasing trend.
Mortality trends for bladder cancer in males by age group are shown according to year of death (Fig. 2) and year of birth (Fig. 3). Except in elderly groups, mortality resulting from bladder cancer among males in the USA and UK notably decreases between 1960 and 2000. However, among young males in USA it seems that mortality resulting from bladder cancer leveled off after 1990. This trend might be reflected by a birth cohort effect of males from the USA born during the 1930s and 1940s (Fig. 3). When compared with males from the USA, mortality rates due to bladder cancer among UK males (except in elderly males) show a constantly decreasing trend until 2000. As for Japanese males, mortality due to bladder cancer has been decreasing slightly since 1970, except in elderly groups. Mortality trends among young Italian males show a peak for all age-groups after 1980. These peaks appear among birth cohorts born around the 1910s and 1920s.
View larger version (31K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
|
Figure 2. Age-specific rates for males over 40 years of age by year of death for bladder cancer in five countries, rates per 100 000.
|
|
View larger version (29K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
|
Figure 3. Age-specific rates for males over 40 years of age by birth cohort for bladder cancer in five countries, rates per 100 000.
|
|
Mortality trends for bladder cancer in females by age group
are shown according to year of death (
Fig. 4) and year of birth
(
Fig. 5). Mortality resulting from bladder cancer among Japanese
females (except in groups aged 80+ years old) between 1960 and
2000 has shown a remarkable decrease compared with females from
the other four study countries. Among females from the USA,
a decreasing trend is observed even among elderly group after
1960. However, similar to males from the USA, a leveling off
of this decreasing trend among young females from the USA (40–64
years old) is observed after 1985. A peak in mortality for bladder
cancer in French and Italian females first appeared among young
groups, although the peak is not as clear among French females
compared with Italian females. These trends are associated with
a peak in mortality for bladder cancer among those born during
the 1910s and 1920s.
View larger version (35K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
|
Figure 4. Age-specific rates for females over 40 years of age by year of death for bladder cancer in five countries, rates per 100 000.
|
|
View larger version (31K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
|
Figure 5. Age-specific rates for females over 40 years of age by birth cohort for bladder cancer in five countries, rates per 100 000.
|
|
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
