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Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008 38(10):720-721; doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn113
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© The Author (2008). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved

Comparison of Time Trends in Multiple Myeloma Incidence (1973–1997) in East Asia, Europe and United States, from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Vols IV–VIII

Yuka Hirabayashi and Kota Katanoda

Cancer Information Services and Surveillance Division
Center for Cancer Control and Information Services
National Cancer Center
Tokyo, Japan

Time trends of age-standardized rate (ASR) of multiple myeloma incidence (ICD-10: C88 and C90) were compared among 18 selected cancer registries and ethnic/racial groups in East Asia, Europe and United States. The data source was the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Vols IV–VIII (years at diagnosis 1973–1977, 1978–1982, 1983–1987, 1988–1992 and 1993–1997, respectively). World population was used for age standardization.

Figure 1 shows the time trends of ASRs of multiple myeloma incidence for males. In East Asia, there were no major changes during the observation period in ASRs for all regions: three regions in Japan (Miyagi, Nagasaki and Osaka) and two regions in China (Shanghai and Hong Kong). Shanghai (China) showed the lowest ASR in East Asia from 1973–1977 to 1993–1997. In Europe, the ASR slightly increased since 1973–1977 and tended to be higher than those observed in the East Asia. All European regions showed the same level of ASRs. In United States, the ASR of black (SEER) tended to increase and it was remarkably higher than that in the other regions. The ASR of white (SEER) followed that of black (SEER), and ASRs among East Asian immigrants were all lower than these two groups.


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1. Time trends in age-standardized multiple myeloma incidence rate (ICD-10: C88 and C90) in 18 cancer registries in East Asia, Europe and United States, males. Note: data were downloaded from IARC CANCER Mondial Statistical Information System (http://www-dep.iarc.fr/). Data for number of incidences and population for Vols IV–VIII were extracted from the file named CI5I-VIII_September_2005.ZIP and tabulated by the authors of this article. Periods of years at diagnosis were representative, and they included the following exceptions: the first period was 1975 for Shanghai (China), 1974–1977 for Hong Kong (China), 1975–1977 for Bas-Rhin (France), 1973–1976 for West Midlands (UK); the second period was 1979–1982 for West Midlands (UK); the first period (1976–1977) of Varese (Italy) was excluded because there were no data for several age groups. Note that calculated incidence rates were values averaged across 5 years, which could have rounded rapid annual changes (a spike or drop). Responsibility for this presentation and interpretation lies with the authors of this article. LA, Los Angeles; SEER, Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results.

 
Figure 2 shows the time trends of ASRs of multiple myeloma incidence for females. In East Asia, the ASR of Shanghai in China was the lowest during the observation period. The ASR of Nagasaki in Japan was higher than that of other registries in the 1973–1977 period, but thereafter all the registries other than Shanghai had similar levels of ASRs. In Europe, all the registries had similar levels of ASRs. No remarkable increase or decrease was observed in the European registries. In United States, black (SEER) showed the highest ASR and it increased during the observation period. The ASR of white (SEER) tended to be higher than that of East Asian immigrants.


Figure 2
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  		Figure 2. Time trends in age-standardized multiple myeloma incidence rate (ICD-10: C88 and C90) in 18 cancer registries in East Asia, Europe and United States, females (notes as given in Figure 1).

 


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This Article
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