Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008 38(3):234-236; doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn012
© The Author (2008). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
Comparison of Time Trends in Skin Cancer Incidence (1973–97) in East Asia, Europe and USA, from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Vol. IV–VIII
Dongmei Qiu and
Tomomi Marugame
Cancer Information Services and Surveillance Division
Center for Cancer Control and Information Services
National Cancer Center
Tokyo, Japan
Time trends of age-standardized rate (ASR) of melanoma of skin cancer (ICD-10: C43) and other cancer of skin (ICD-10: C44) incidence were compared among 18 selected cancer registries and ethnic/racial groups in East Asia, Europe, and the USA. Data source was the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Vol. IV–VIII (years at diagnosis: 1973–77, 1978–82, 1983–87, 1988–92 and 1993–97, respectively). World population was used for age-standardization.
Figures 1 and 2 show time trends of ASR of melanoma of skin incidence for males and females, respectively. For males, all registries in East Asia (three in Japan: Miyagi, Nagasaki and Osaka, and two in China: Shanghai and Hong Kong) showed a relatively stable trend during all period, and there were not many differences in ASRs among these five registries. Registries in Europe tended to have higher ASRs than registries in East Asia and USA except for White (SEER) in the USA. All registries in Europe showed increasing tendency during all period. Two registries in North Europe (Sweden and Denmark) tended to show higher ASRs than other European registries (France: Bas-Rhin, Italy: Varese Province, England: South Thames and West Midlands). The lowest ASRs were observed in West Midlands in Europe. In the USA, White showed higher ASRs than Black (SEER) and East Asian immigrants. Japanese and Chinese immigrants showed a similar level of ASRs to those lived in their homeland. No remarkable difference was observed among those in immigrants in the USA. With respect to females, all registries showed a similar tendency to those observed in males, though Varese Province showed lower ASRs than other European registries.
Figures
3 and
4 show time trends of ASR of skin cancer
other than melanoma incidence for males and females, respectively.
In both sexes, Nagasaki and Hong Kong showed higher ASRs than
other registries in East Asia during all period. All registries
in Asia showed relatively stable trend during all period. Compared
with East Asia and USA, Europe tended to have higher ASRs which
were similar to those observed of melanoma of skin. In Europe,
the ASRs in Denmark were the highest and those of Sweden were
the lowest during almost all period. As for time trends of ASRs,
Denmark and West Midlands showed a sharply increasing trend
during all period. After a sharply increasing trend, Varese
Province decreased from 1988–92 and 1983–87 in males
and females, respectively. Bas-Rhin and Sweden tended to be
lower than other registries in Europe, though a slowly increase
trend was observed during almost period. South Thames showed
an increasing trend from 1973–77 to 1983–87 and
thereafter decreased or leveled off. Different from those of
melanoma of skin, White showed a similar level of ASRs to Black
and Asian immigrants in the USA. All registries leveled off
during all period in the USA.
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Figure 4. Time trends in age-standardized skin cancer other than melanoma incidence rate (ICD-10: C44) in 18 cancer registries in East Asia, Europe, and USA, females.
Note: Data were downloaded from IARC CANCER Mondial Statistical Information System (http://www-dep.iarc.fr/). Data of number of incidence and population for Vol. IV–VIII were extracted from the file named CI5I-VIII_September_2005.ZIP and tabulated by the authors of this article. Periods of year at diagnosis were representative, and they included the following exceptions: the first period was 1975 for Shanghai (China), 1974–77 for Hong Kong (China), 1975–77 for Bas-Rhin (France), 1973–76 for West Midlands (England); the second period was 1979–82 for West Midlands (England); the first period (1976–77) of Varese (Italy) was excluded because there were no data for several age groups. Note that calculated incidence rates were values averaged across five years, which could have rounded rapid annual changes (a spike or drop). Responsibility for this presentation and interpretation lies with the authors of this article. LA: Los Angeles, SEER: Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results.
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