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Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008 38(7):508-509; doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn060
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© The Author (2008). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved

Comparison of Time Trends in Kidney Cancer Incidence (1973–97) in East Asia, Europe and USA, from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Vols IV–VIII

Tomomi Marugame and Tomohiro Matsuda

Cancer Information Services and Surveillance Division,
Center for Cancer Control and Information Services,
National Cancer Center,
Tokyo, Japan

Time trends of age-standardized rate (ASR) of kidney cancer incidence (ICD-10: C64-66, C68) were compared among 18 selected cancer registries and ethnic/racial groups in East Asia, Europe and USA. The data source was the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Vols IV–VIII (years at diagnosis: 1973–77, 1978–82, 1983–87, 1988–92 and 1993–97, respectively). World population was used for age-standardization.

Figure 1 shows time trends of ASR of kidney cancer incidence for males. In East Asia, three regions in Japan (Miyagi, Nagasaki and Osaka) showed higher ASRs compared with the two regions in China (Shanghai and Hong Kong). The ASRs in these five regions in Japan and China increased after 1978–82 period. In Europe, the ASRs tended to be higher than those observed in East Asia and among the East Asian immigrants in the USA. In recent years (1993–97), the ASRs of Bas-Rhin (France) and Varese (Italy) were higher than those in the other European regions. The ASRs of South Thames and West Midlands (England) were the lowest in the Europe region. In USA, the ASRs of black and white (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results, SEER) increased during the observed periods. The ASRs of these two races were higher compared with those of the other East Asian races.


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1. Time trends in age-standardized kidney cancer incidence rate (ICD-10: C64-66, C68) in 18 cancer registries in East Asia, Europe and USA, males.

 
Figure 2 shows time trends of ASR of kidney cancer incidence for females. The ASR for females was much lower than that for males. Note that the scale in Fig. 2 is different from that in Fig. 1. In East Asia, the ASRs of three regions in Japan (Miyagi, Nagasaki and Osaka) and two regions in China (Shanghai and Hong Kong) increased after 1973–77 periods. In Europe, the ASRs tended to be higher in comparison with the ASRs observed in the East Asian regions and the East Asian immigrants in the USA. The ASRs of Bas-Rhin (France), Varese (Italy), Denmark and Sweden were higher than those in two regions in England in the period of 1993–97. The ASRs in Bas-Rhin (France) and Varese (Italy) remarkably increased during the observed periods. The ASRs of Denmark and Sweden decreased after 1983–87 period. In USA, the ASRs of black and white (SEER) increased during the observed periods. The ASRs of these two races were higher than those of the other East Asian races in USA and comparable to those of Bas-Rhin (France) and Varese (Italy) in Europe. The ASRs of the East Asian immigrants were generally similar to those in their homelands.


Figure 2
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  		Figure 2. Time trends in age-standardized kidney cancer incidence rate (ICD-10: C64-66, C68) in 18 cancer registries in East Asia, Europe and USA, females.

Note: Data were downloaded from IARC CANCER Mondial Statistical Information System (http://www-dep.iarc.fr/). Data of number of incidence and population for Vols IV–VIII were extracted from the file named CI5I-VIII_September_2005.ZIP and tabulated by the authors of this article. Periods of year at diagnosis were representative, and they included the following exceptions: the first period was 1975 for Shanghai (China), 1974–77 for Hong Kong (China), 1975–77 for Bas-Rhin (France), 1973–76 for West Midlands (England); the second period was 1979–82 for West Midlands (England); the first period (1976–77) of Varese (Italy) was excluded because there were no data for several age groups. Note that calculated incidence rates were values averaged across 5 years, which could have rounded rapid annual changes (a spike or drop). Responsibility for this presentation and interpretation lies with the authors of this article. LA: Los Angeles, SEER: Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results.

 


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This Article
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