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Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008 38(9):650-652; doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn092
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© The Author (2008). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved

Comparison of Time Trends in Brain Central Nervous System Cancer Incidence (1973–97) in East Asia, Europe and USA, from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Vols IV–VIII

Kumiko Saika and Yuka Hirabayashi

Cancer Information Services and Surveillance Division
Center for Cancer Control and Information Services
National Cancer Center
Tokyo, Japan

Time trends of age-standardized rate (ASR) of brain central nervous system cancer incidence (ICD-10: C70-72) were compared among 18 selected cancer registries and ethnic/racial groups in East Asia, Europe and USA. The data source was the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Vols IV–VIII (years at diagnosis: 1973–77, 1978–82, 1983–87, 1988–92 and 1993–97, respectively). World population was used for age standardization.

Figure 1 shows time trends of the ASR of brain central nervous system cancer incidence for males. In East Asia, Shanghai showed the highest ASR. All regions in East Asia that included three regions in Japan (Miyagi, Nagasaki and Osaka) and two regions in China (Shanghai and Hong Kong) showed increase of the ASRs during the observed period. We found especially the remarkable increase of the ASRs in two regions in China from 1978–82 to 1988–92. The ASR except in Miyagi (Japan) has decreased in recent term. In Europe, the ASRs had increased since 1978–82 period and tended to be higher than those observed in the East Asia and USA. Denmark showed the highest ASR and the other regions, which were Bas-Rhin (France), Varese (Italy), Sweden, South Thames and West Midlands (England), showed the same level of the ASRs. In USA, the ASR of whites [Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)] tended to increase and it was the highest. The ASR of blacks (SEER) followed one of whites (SEER), and the ASRs among East Asian immigrants were similar.


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1. Time trends in age-standardized brain central nervous system cancer incidence rate (ICD-10: C70-72) in 18 cancer registries in East Asia, Europe and USA, males.

 
Figure 2 shows time trends of the ASR of brain central nervous system cancer incidence for females. In the East Asia, the ASR of Shanghai (China) was the highest during the observed period and had increased since 1978–82 period. Hong Kong (China) that showed the same level ASR as the three regions in Japan (Miyagi, Nagasaki and Osaka) showed increase of the ASR from 1978–82 to 1983–87 and became the second highest ASR after 1983–87 period. In Europe, the ASR in Denmark was much higher than any other regions and it had increased since 1978–82 period. From 1988–92 to 1993–97, the ASRs in Sweden and Bas-Rhin (France) decreased. In USA, whites (SEER) showed the higher ASR than blacks (SEER) and East Asian immigrants during the observed period. While both whites and blacks (SEER) have increased, East Asian immigrants have decreased from 1988–92 to 1993–97.


Figure 2
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  		Figure 2. Time trends in age-standardized brain central nervous system cancer incidence rate (ICD-10: C70-72) in 18 cancer registries in East Asia, Europe and USA, females. Note: Data were downloaded from IARC CANCER Mondial Statistical Information System (http://www-dep.iarc.fr/). Data of number of incidence and population for Vols IV–VIII were extracted from the file named CI5I-VIII_September_2005.ZIP and tabulated by the authors of this article. Periods of year at diagnosis were representative, and they included the following exceptions: the first period was 1975 for Shanghai (China), 1974–77 for Hong Kong (China), 1975–77 for Bas-Rhin (France), 1973–76 for West Midlands (England); the second period was 1979–82 for West Midlands (England); the first period (1976–77) of Varese (Italy) was excluded because there were no data for several age groups. Note that the calculated incidence rates were values averaged across 5 years, which could have rounded rapid annual changes (a spike or drop). Responsibility for this presentation and interpretation lies with the authors of this article. LA, Los Angeles; SEER, Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results.

 


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This Article
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