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Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology 18:203-216 (1988)
© 1988 Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research

research-article

Detection of Soluble Tumor-associated Antigens in Sera and Effusions Using Novel Monoclonal Antibodies, KL-3 and KL-6, against Lung Adenocarcinoma

Nobuoki Kohno, M.D1, Mitoshi Akiyama, M.D*,1, Seishi Kyoizumi, Ph.D1, Masayuki Hakoda, M.D1, Kyoko Kobuke, M.D2 and Michio Yamakido, M.D2,{dagger}

1Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Radiobiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation 5–2 Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 732
2Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine Hiroshima

*For reprints and all correspondence

Received December 12, 1987; accepted March 28, 1988

Two novel monoclonal antibodies, KL-3 (IgM) and KL-6 (IgG1), which can detect soluble antigens in sera and effusions (molecular weights > 1,000 K) were produced against human pulmonary adenocarcinoma VMRC-LCR cells. KL-3 and KL-6 antibodies reacted with asialo- and sialo-carbohydrate antigenic determinants, respectively. Both carbohydrate epitopes appear, from competitive inhibition studies, to be different from Lex, Ley, sialyl Lea and sialyl Lexi which were recognized with FH2, AH6, NS19-9 and FH6 antibodies, respectively. Using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, elevated KL-6 antigen levels were frequently observed in the sera of patients with lung adenocarcinoma [52% (17/33)], pancreatic cancer [44% (4/9)] and breast cancer [40% (8/20)], but infrequently in the sera of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma [18% (4/22)], lung small cell carcinoma [8% (1/13)], gastric cancer [0% (0/19)], colorectal cancer [0% (0/8)] and hepatocellular cancer [13% (1/8)]. The levels and positive rates of scrum KL-6 antigen increased with the progression of clinical stage of lung adenocarcinoma. In pleural effusions, the prevalences of lung adenocarcinoma cases with elevated levels of KL-3 and KL-6 antigens were 76% (13/17) and 82% (14/17), respectively. These monoclonal antibodies can define novel soluble antigens in sera and effusions which could be useful in tumor diagnoses and for monitoring tumor progression.

Key Words: Monoclonal antibodies • Lung cancer • Soluble antigens

{dagger} The Radiation Effects Research Foundation (formerly the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission) : a cooperative Japanese-United States research organisation


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