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Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology Advance Access published online on May 15, 2006
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, doi:10.1093/jjco/hyl009
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© 2006 Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research
Received December 5, 2005
Accepted February 6, 2006

Case Report

T1 Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Anal Canal after Transanal Resection for Intramucosal Adenocarcinoma

Hirotoshi Kobayashi 1 *, Hideki Ueno 1, Yojiro Hashiguchi 1, Megumi Ishiguro 1, Jiro Omata 1, Yoshiki Kajiwara 1, Hideyuki Shimazaki 2, and Hidetaka Mochizuki 1

1 Department of Surgery I, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Hirotoshi Kobayashi, E-mail: h-kobayashi.srg2{at}tmd.ac.jp


  Abstract

Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the anal canal are rare, representing 1% of malignant tumors of the anal canal. This tumor behaves aggressively and leads to poor outcomes. The majority of tumors are found with distant metastases. We describe the case of a 63-year-old female with T1 neuroendocrine carcinoma of the anal canal arising from the site of a previous transanal excision performed 13 months earlier for intramucosal adenocarcinoma of the anal canal. The patient did not have any distant metastases on preoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. She underwent abdominoperineal resection after the initial diagnostic transanal excision of the neuroendocrine carcinoma, which had shown submucosal invasion. No lymph node metastasis was found in pathological examination. In this case, it is likely that the neuroendocrine tumor, which infiltrated into the submucosal layer with venous invasion, had developed over the intervening 13 months following the original transanal excision of the adenocarcinoma.

Keywords: anal canal; colorectal carcinoma; neuroendocrine carcinoma.
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